Cell and Tissue Journal

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on HSPA2 expression in testes and sperm parameters in diabetic rats.
Material and Methods: Two-month-old male wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each group): control (C), diabetic (D) and diabetic training (DT). Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The DTrats were conditioned to run on a treadmill for the 8-week period. 48 hours after the last session, the testes were removed, and subjected to histological examination, semen analysis and total RNA was isolated from testes to measure by RT-qPCRHSPA2 mRNA expression level. The variance analysis test were applied to analyze the data (p < 0.05).
Results: Findings show that the D group had a decrease in sperm count (P=0.01), motility (P=0.001), as well as increase in abnormal sperm morphology (P=0.001). Furthermore, in the D group, HSPA2 expressionin testicular tissue was significantly reduced (P=0.01). Unlike the D group, in the DT group sperm count (P=0.04) and viability (P=0.02), and HSPA2 expression (P=0.03) were elevated.
Conclusion: In rat testes, diabetes down regulates HSPA2 expression, which is collectively detrimental to semen parameters. Exercise protected effectively against this detrimental effect.
 

Abstract Aim: Vitamin D has an important role in treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome which may enhance the benefits of sportive training. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic training with and without vitamin D supplementation on metabolic syndrome parameters in sedentary women.
Material and Methods:In this semi-experimental study with pretest–post designs, thirty obese middle-age women (aged 44.25±5.4 y) were randomly assigned to aerobic training only (RG), vitamin D supplementation (50000IU/w) plus aerobic training (VR) and control (non-exercising=CG) groups. Aerobic training program was performed 50-60 min/d, 3d/wk, for 2 months. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, body composition and metabolic parameters were assessed before and after the training period.
Results: Vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels significantly (p < /em><0.05). Aerobic training caused significant improvement in body weight, waist circumference, HDL-cholesterol, blood glucose and insulin resistance index (p < /em><0.05). Vitamin D supplementation in conjunction with aerobic training lead to greater improvement in adiposity indices, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, blood glucose and insulin resistance index (p < /em><0.05).
Conclusion: These results suggest that aerobic training is a safe and effective for improving cardiometabolic health in middle-age women. Also vitamin D combination can enhance some of the beneficial effects of training over a two-month period.

Abstract Aim: This study was to determine the effects of sprint training and vitamins E and C supplementation on LDL-ox and MDA levels and GPX activity.
Material and Methods: 40 untrained healthy male students(age 19± 1.9 , weight 73 ± 4.4) divided into 4 groups: sprint training (SP) sprint training with vitamins E and C supplements (SP-SUP), vitamins E and C supplements (SUP) and control (CON) groups (n=10 each group). Blood samples were collected before exercise. The SP and SP-SUP groups participated 8 weeks sprint training period. At the same time, SUP and SP-SUP groups received vitamins E (400 U/day) and C (500 mg/day) six days per week. Blood samples were collected, before training period and after 72 hours from last session of training period. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) used to compare groups results.
Results: There was significant difference between GPX activity. Also, there were differences between MDA levels within groups. The LDL-ox level changes were not significant.
Conclusion: According to the results, anti-oxidative defense by enzymes such as GPX can increases by sprint training. Sprint training has selectional effect on by-products of oxidants and can improve anti-oxidative stress in rest.
 

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to determining effect of short-term garlic extract supplementation on serum total ‌‌antioxidant capacity(TAC), malondialdehyde and and total peripheral leukocytes counts in non-athlete men after an aerobic exercise.
Material and methods: Twenty non-athlete men (aged 23±3 years, body fat 16±2%, and VO2max 40±3 ml/kg/min) in a randomized and double-blind design were divided in two equal groups: supplement group (garlic extract, 700mg/day) and placebo group (dextrose, 700mg/day). After supplementation period, all subjects were participated in aerobic exercise protocol with75% VO2max on the treadmill for 30 minutes. Primary blood samples in the basic state and before of start supplementation, second blood samples after the end of supplementation period and third blood samples after the exercise were taken. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA, Bonferroni and independent t test using SPSS at α≤0.05.
Results: Show that short-term garlic extract supplementation had significant effect (p < 0.05) on basal serum TAC. Moreover, MDA, total peripheral leukocytes counts was significantly increased and TAC was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) after 30 min aerobic exercise. The change range in the oxidative and inflammatory indices of placebo group, However, was significantly more than in supplement group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the increase of resting total antioxidative capacity following Garlic short supplementation can cause decrease exercise-induced oxidative damages (Lipid Peroxidation) and inflammatory indices (Leukocytosis) in non-athlete men.