Cell and Tissue Journal

Abstract Aim:Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) is a medicinal plant as a result of which its medicinal compounds and alkaloids have been under a great consideration. Lead is one of the most common heavy metal contaminant in the environment. Induction of oxidative stress is a result of the presence of heavy metals in plant cells. Due to the problem of heavy metal pollution and the dangers of pollution to plant in this study, the effects of oxidative stress caused by the presence of lead on activity of antioxidant enzymes, level of prolin and alkaloid in callus grown on MS medium with different concentrations of lead were investigated.
Material and Methods: Catharanthus roseus seeds were planted in the vase containing Pearlite, then to induce callus, the leaves under the sterile condition were put on the solid MS culture media. Calluses were subcultured after three weeks, the calluses after two subculture were treated with different concentrations of lead nitrate (0, 10 and 50 μM). The activity of antioxidant enzymes and content of proline and alkaloid were assayed .Data analyzed at P ≤ 0.05 level using SPSS software.
Results: The results of this study showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) and the level of proline and alkaloid as well as lipid peroxidation increased significantly (p < 0.05) in comparison  to control.
Conclusion: Due to induction of oxidative stress, lead was caused an increase in antioxidant enzymes activity and the content of malondialdehyde, alkaloid and proline.

Abstract Aim: Present study was done to assess the effects of Av gel on some molecular aspects in wound healing process of mouse damaged skin.
Material and Methods: 36 Male mice balb/c were used. Animals were divided into 3 groups; negative control (without wound), sham-operated (wound treated with physiological serum) and experimental (wound treated with Av gel extract). In each group, two equal full-thickness wounds were made on the mice back sides. Experimental group received daily a dose of Av gel extract on the top of wound sites (without bandage) for a period of 16 days. On 8^th and 16^th post wounding day, for the purpose of EGF receptor gene expression evaluation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) , skin and blood serum sampling were done respectively  and data were analyzed by Repeated measures ANOVA at significant level p < 0.05
Results: Av gel extract treatments increased EGF receptor gene expression in the wound area. Wound healing percentage was also increased in experimental groups compared to sham group. It was also found that the amount of LPO end-product in blood sera was reduced to Av treated mice in the end of test.
Conclusion: Av gel extract can induce EGF receptor gene expression in mice damaged skin, and play a pivotal role in wound healing process.

Abstract Aim: This study was to determine the effects of sprint training and vitamins E and C supplementation on LDL-ox and MDA levels and GPX activity.
Material and Methods: 40 untrained healthy male students(age 19± 1.9 , weight 73 ± 4.4) divided into 4 groups: sprint training (SP) sprint training with vitamins E and C supplements (SP-SUP), vitamins E and C supplements (SUP) and control (CON) groups (n=10 each group). Blood samples were collected before exercise. The SP and SP-SUP groups participated 8 weeks sprint training period. At the same time, SUP and SP-SUP groups received vitamins E (400 U/day) and C (500 mg/day) six days per week. Blood samples were collected, before training period and after 72 hours from last session of training period. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) used to compare groups results.
Results: There was significant difference between GPX activity. Also, there were differences between MDA levels within groups. The LDL-ox level changes were not significant.
Conclusion: According to the results, anti-oxidative defense by enzymes such as GPX can increases by sprint training. Sprint training has selectional effect on by-products of oxidants and can improve anti-oxidative stress in rest.
 

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to determining effect of short-term garlic extract supplementation on serum total ‌‌antioxidant capacity(TAC), malondialdehyde and and total peripheral leukocytes counts in non-athlete men after an aerobic exercise.
Material and methods: Twenty non-athlete men (aged 23±3 years, body fat 16±2%, and VO2max 40±3 ml/kg/min) in a randomized and double-blind design were divided in two equal groups: supplement group (garlic extract, 700mg/day) and placebo group (dextrose, 700mg/day). After supplementation period, all subjects were participated in aerobic exercise protocol with75% VO2max on the treadmill for 30 minutes. Primary blood samples in the basic state and before of start supplementation, second blood samples after the end of supplementation period and third blood samples after the exercise were taken. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA, Bonferroni and independent t test using SPSS at α≤0.05.
Results: Show that short-term garlic extract supplementation had significant effect (p < 0.05) on basal serum TAC. Moreover, MDA, total peripheral leukocytes counts was significantly increased and TAC was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) after 30 min aerobic exercise. The change range in the oxidative and inflammatory indices of placebo group, However, was significantly more than in supplement group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the increase of resting total antioxidative capacity following Garlic short supplementation can cause decrease exercise-induced oxidative damages (Lipid Peroxidation) and inflammatory indices (Leukocytosis) in non-athlete men.