Cell and Tissue Journal

Abstract Aim: In this research, the antibacterial effects of essential oil of two medicinal plants, Allium sativum and Rosmarinus officinalis were studied on Staphylococcus agalactiae, S. aureu and Escherichia coli
Material and Methods: Essential oils were prepared from department of medical plants of Arak University. The antibacterial properties of the essenceswere investigated by disk diffusion method in different concentrations of the essences (10, 30 and 50%). MIC and MBC were determined by using different concentrations of essences. Antibacterial activity of Penicillin, Bacitracin and Erythromycin was determined with the discs that were impregnated with antibiotics.
Results: All concentrations of the essential oil (10, 30 and 50%) had antibacterial effect. Antibacterial effects decreased according to reduction of essential oil concentrations. There were no significant difference between Allium sativum and Rosmarinus officinalis in MIC and MBC. There were, however, significant differences among mean zones of inhibition found in essential oils and antibiotics (Penicillin, Bacitracin and Streptomycin) at 10% concentration.
Conclusion: According to antibacterial effect of Allium sativum and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils on major bacterial mastitis pathogens in cow these plants has the potential to be evaluated as an alternative or adjunct to antibiotics to treat bovine mastitis.

Abstract Aim: Myostatin gene or growth and differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) which has been identified as the factor causing muscle doubling, undergoes a series of mutations that causes gene inactivation. In bovine the loss of gene activity has been associated with double- muscled phenotype.. Due to the role of myostatin gene in muscle development, the objective of this study was to analyze the coding region containing mutations which potentially altering the myostatin gene expression in Farahani sheep. Material and methods: DNA from blood samples of eighty six Farahani sheep was extracted and used to amplify a 337-bp fragment in myostatin gene. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the PCR product was performed by addition of enzyme and then PCR-RFLP genotypes were analyzed. Result: Genotype frequencies of MM, Mm and mm were characterized as 0.046, 0.127 and 0.827, respectively. In addition the allelic frequencies for alleles M and m was estimated as 0.11 and 0.89 respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the Farahani sheep was polymorphic for myostatin, but this population was not at Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium.