Cell and Tissue Journal

Abstract Aim: The goal of the present research was evaluation of the effects of industrial area air pollution of Arak Aluminum Company on Robinia pseudoacacia (acacia) and tree-of-heaven anatomical changes.
Material and methods: Information from the Environmental Protection Agency of Markazi province, Aluminum park as the infected area and Haftad-Ghole in 35 kilometers of Arak as the area clean were used. Leaf samples of Robinia and Alianthus were harvested in August 2013 simultaneously. Density and length of trichomes, stomatal density and opening, length of the palisade cells and diameter of the spongy cells of leaf were measured. Data analysis were performed by SPSS 16 and Excel software and means comparison by T-Test.
Results: Under air pollution, trichome density in abaxial epidermis and trichome length in both surfaces of epidermis of acacia leaf increased significantly. Also in tree-of-heaven leaf, trichome density decreased and trichome length increased on abaxial epidermis significantly. Stomatal density on abaxial epidermis of acasia and tree-of-heaven leaves exposed to air pollution decreased and increased, respectively. Stomatal opening of Robinia and Ailanthus leaves had no significant effect. Length of the palisade cells of leaf in infected area decreased in acacia and increased in tree-of-heaven as compared with clean area, diameter of the spongy cells had no significant change in acacia leaf but decreased in tree-of-heaven leaf.
Conclusion: Results showed the anatomical changes in both plants for further compromise with regional air pollution.

Abstract Aim:The effects of different concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles on some growth parameters, the amounts of proline and alkaloids and changes in activity of some antioxidant enzymes were investigated. Material and methods: Experiments were performed under controled greenhouse conditions and completely randomized design with three replications. Plants were exposed to different concentrations (2, 4, 5, 10 and 15 mM) of nano zinc oxideand the effect of these concentrations were compared with the plants that used a complete nutrient solution containing zinc Sulfate. Results: Treatment of the plant with concentration of 0 to 2 micromolar caused increased and higher concentrations significantly reduced dry weight as well as root length. The results showed that the antioxidant enzymes activities in the treated plants increased with increasing concentration of nano zinc oxidein the nutrient solution compared to the control plants. As the level of stress was elevated, the amount of proline and total alkaloids also increased. Conclusion: With increasing concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles, Zn absorptionraised. Due to this toxicity, plant growth parameters were affected and oxidative stress in plants was induced. To overcome free radical production, plants have increased their antioxidant enzyme activities and proline.