Investigation of the peroxidase and catalase enzymes activity and expression level of it’s encoding genes in pathogen stress (Penicillium expansum) and Walnut green skin extract condition in apple fruits
Volume 9, Issue 2, Autumn 2018, Pages 159-175
https://doi.org/10.52547/JCT.9.2.159
E Zangooei, E Bazgir, J Gholamnejad, M darvishnia
Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of walnut green skin extract on blue mold apple, peroxidase activity and catalase activity, as well as the level of gene expression of these two enzymes.
Material and methods: In this study, extracts of green skin of walnut were used to control the apple blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum, in vitro and in vivo. Then, the effect of the aqueous extract of this plant on the activity and also expression of the genes of the two enzymes of peroxidase and catalase were evaluated.
Results: The results of the extract mixed with culture media tests showed the aqueous and methanolic extracts of green walnut skin inhibit with the rate of 86.41 and 75.84 percent of the fungal pathogen were respectively the best treatment in comparison with the control. In vivo test (the 4 ° C), the spot surface, in the treatment of aqueous and alcoholic extracts with a concentration of 6×1000, reduced 94.50 and 81.69%, respectively. In the test for the activity of peroxidase and catalase activity, the walnut skin extract increase the activity of these enzymes at 9th day. The results of enzymes genes expression showed that the expression of peroxidase and catalase genes was 227.66 and 314.08 fold on day 9, in the plant extract+ pathogen treatment, respectively.
Conclusion: The extract of walnut skin had direct fungal effects, and it can was induce the defense genes expression and subsequently increased activity of defense enzymes.